> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.idem.finance/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Idem Ledger Accounts: Types, Currencies, and Balances

> Understand the Idem Ledger account model. Accounts hold balances in a single currency and can be ASSET, LIABILITY, EQUITY, REVENUE, or EXPENSE type.

Accounts are the fundamental building blocks of the Idem Ledger. Every journal line in a transaction targets an account, and each account accumulates a running balance from those entries over time. When you design your ledger structure, you create a chart of accounts that mirrors the economic reality of your payment flows — wallets you hold, liabilities you owe customers, revenue you earn, and costs you incur.

## Account types

Idem follows the standard five-type accounting taxonomy. Every account you create must be assigned one of the following types, which determines how its balance is interpreted.

| Type        | Typical use                                      |
| ----------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| `ASSET`     | Wallets, custodial pools, bank accounts you hold |
| `LIABILITY` | Customer deposits, amounts owed to others        |
| `EQUITY`    | Capital, retained earnings                       |
| `REVENUE`   | Income, fees earned                              |
| `EXPENSE`   | Costs, fees paid                                 |

Choosing the right type matters for balance reporting and reconciliation: asset and expense accounts have a natural debit balance, while liability, equity, and revenue accounts have a natural credit balance.

## Supported currencies

Each account holds a balance in exactly **one** currency. You cannot mix currencies within a single account. Idem supports the following ISO 4217 fiat currencies:

| Currency code | Currency       |
| ------------- | -------------- |
| `BRL`         | Brazilian Real |
| `USD`         | US Dollar      |
| `MXN`         | Mexican Peso   |
| `EUR`         | Euro           |

If your operation handles multiple currencies, create one account per currency per role in your chart of accounts (for example, a `USD` ASSET account for your USDC pool and a `BRL` ASSET account for your PIX settlement account).

## Creating an account

Send a `POST` request to `/api/v1/accounts` with a name, an optional description, a currency, and a type. Account names do not need to be unique within your tenant — pick a naming convention that works for your chart of accounts.

**Request**

```json theme={null}
POST /api/v1/accounts
{
  "name": "USDC Wallet",
  "description": "Primary USDC custodial wallet",
  "currency": "USD",
  "type": "ASSET"
}
```

**Response — 201 Created**

```json theme={null}
{
  "id": "3fa85f64-5717-4562-b3fc-2c963f66afa6",
  "name": "USDC Wallet",
  "description": "Primary USDC custodial wallet",
  "currency": "USD",
  "type": "ASSET",
  "normalBalance": "DEBIT",
  "createdAt": "2024-01-15T10:00:00Z"
}
```

Store the returned `id` — you will reference it as `accountId` in every journal line that targets this account.

## Querying balances

Retrieve the current balance of any account with a `GET` request:

```bash theme={null}
GET /api/v1/accounts/{accountId}/balance
```

For point-in-time balance queries, pass an `asOf` timestamp as a query parameter. The ledger replays all entries up to that instant and returns the balance as it stood at that moment — useful for end-of-day reporting, audits, or debugging a historical discrepancy.

```bash theme={null}
GET /api/v1/accounts/{accountId}/balance?asOf=2024-01-15T23:59:59Z
```

The response includes the `amount`, `currency`, `normalBalance` (`DEBIT` or `CREDIT`, matching the account's type), and `computedAt` — the server timestamp the calculation actually ran at (not an echo of your `asOf`). If any on-chain (stablecoin) entries have been posted to the account, they're reported separately in `onChainBalances` — a net balance per token, across chains, never combined with the fiat `amount`. See the [Get Balance](/api-reference/accounts/get-balance) reference for the full field breakdown.

## Account statements

For a complete view of all movements in an account over a time window, use the statement endpoint:

```bash theme={null}
GET /api/v1/accounts/{accountId}/statement?from=2024-01-01T00:00:00Z&to=2024-01-31T23:59:59Z
```

The response includes:

| Field            | Description                                       |
| ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| `openingBalance` | Balance at the start of the requested window      |
| `movements`      | Ordered list of every journal entry in the period |
| `closingBalance` | Balance at the end of the requested window        |

<Note>
  Both `from` and `to` are required and must be valid ISO 8601 timestamps. For large accounts with many entries, use narrow time windows to keep response sizes manageable.
</Note>